Sentence examples for mutation rate raised from inspiring English sources

As the efficiency of tumorigenesis is a function of the mutation rate raised to the power of the number of oncogenic mutations required for malignant transformation, only a very modest reduction in mutation rate would be required to delay the onset of cancer [35].

The possibility of an MTB strain with altered or raised mutation rate is important.

This is not the case and many early tumours, in particular, show no evidence of a raised mutation rate.

The correlation between replication timing and mutation rate in this work raises the question why this relationship was not identified in previous experimental studies.

A simulation model of stepwise tumorigenesis illustrates how powerful clonal selection can be by, in effect, raising the mutation rate through increasing population size.

Confronted by stressful or damaging changes in their environment, populations of cells activate a programme that raises their mutation rate for several generations but temporarily masks the mutant phenotypes.

Lowering or raising the mutation rate will vary the rate of change between populations (i.e., the scale of the heat map) but not the direction of change (i.e., convergence or divergence) because the threshold of cohesive recombination is defined as a function of the ratio of mutation and recombination.

For example, if one could suddenly raise the mutation rate of amphioxus to that of Oikopleura, this amphioxus population would die because its underlying biology has not been pushed into such unusual and derived ways of doing things during evolution as has happened for the almost 'bacterially fast' reproducing Oikopleura.

In the presence of an anti-apoptotic mutation [25], the vulnerability of the genome NRFLN-D would be reduced to a very low value, further raising the optimal mutation rate and diminishing the potential effect of negative clonal selection.

This may be due to a direct connection, where some aspect of the parasitic lifestyle drives the evolution of raised mutation rates.

Including the 123 SNMS that we observed in double and complex mutations raises the genome-wide mutation rate estimate to 2.34 ± 0.23 × 10−10 per base per generation, which is not significantly different from the Farlow et al. (2015) estimate.