Sentence examples for mutation rate measured from inspiring English sources
Xue Y, Wang Q, Long Q et al: Human Y chromosome base-substitution mutation rate measured by direct sequencing in a deep-rooting pedigree.
After each doubling, the mutant cell number increased at the constant mutation rate measured previously.
The mutation rate measured in protein-coding regions and rRNA regions is very low, but the genomes are subject to major rearrangements and expansions (Palmer and Herbon 1988).
We showed that the mtDNA mutation rate, measured through the neutrally-evolving third codon positions of cytb, is highly variable between bird lineages.
If TCR is the mechanism of repair in plant mitochondria, then the mutation rate in a transcribed intergenic region should be the same as the neutral mutation rate measured by synonymous substitutions in the coding regions of the same transcripts, and the frequency of indels in the intergenic regions should be low, as in the coding regions.
The higher value U = 0.48 reported by [ 44] was derived from mutation rates measured by sequencing and the ratio of synonymous to non-synonymous substitution rates.
Nevertheless, it has also been suggested that mutation rates measured in families or father-son pairs should be calibrated to lower values when used for evolutionary purposes [18,19].
Here evidence is provided that behavior of the Pur-Lac system can be explained using standard mutation rates measured during nonselective growth.
A brief survey of mutation rates measured for bacteria and bacteriophage in the literature suggests that in natural systems, mutation rates for phage are typically orders of magnitude faster than those of their hosts [ 42, 43].
The mutation rates measured in strains expressing hMLH1 variants S93G, T117M, I219V, K618R, Y646C and R659Q were significantly lower than in the mlh1 deficient yeast strain MV100 (P < 0.0001).
Furthermore, we obtain mutation rate estimates for DYS388, DYS426, DYS457, three STRs for which there were no mutation rate measures until now.
