We have also proposed an analytic model that performs reasonably well at predicting psurf for the case of a neutral or beneficial mutation on a one-dimensional grid.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00631.001 During evolution, the effect of one mutation on a protein can depend on whether another mutation is also present.
The dual control of secondary sexual characters and mating preferences by SLa should argue that one mutation on a single gene could be sufficient to facilitate runaway evolution of assortative mating that would promote sympatric speciation.
Since suboptimal DDR and DNA repair are well recognized in cancer cells, it is likely that when one DDR protein has been functionally mutated, an additional functional mutation on a different protein can result in cell death.
If GOMF results are taken as reference, a mutation on a gene with one of the functions shown in Figure 1b is expected to have a higher impact than another mutation affecting a protein with a function shown in Figure 1c.
In particular, the LHON cybrid clones carrying the 14484/ND6 mutation on haplogroup J1 (J1c and J1b) were as sensitive to 2,5-HD as the one carrying the 11778/ND4 mutation on a similar background (J1c).
However, if one has reason to study a gene mutation on a particular strain background that differs from that of available alleles, then the CRISPR route becomes attractive, since the RNAs can be microinjected into embryos of any strain.
Furthermore, a recent study showed that knock-in of L435F mutated PS1, which is a loss-of-function mutation, on a PS2 knockout background led to reduced LTP in comparison to PS2 knockouts with wild type PS1 [ 215].
We can illustrate the low probability of missing a mutation in our approach, by comparing it to another probability that of not observing a mutation on a coalescent tree because it has mutated back on the same link and thus is completely unobservable.
SNPs that did not fit one of the 18 possible configurations indicative of a single mutation on a single branch of the tree were homoplasies, called recombinant SNPs.
The most important discovery is a mutation on a gene known as MOG, which is shared by all sufferers in the family, but none who do not have the illness.
