Sentence examples for mutation of surface from inspiring English sources
Mutation of surface residues to charged amino acids increases resistance to aggregation and can enable reversible unfolding.
The mutation of surface residues to charged amino acids is also known to decrease protein aggregation.
In principle, a mutation of surface amino acids of proteins can of course also lead to undesired side-effects.
If the function of the CES is to interact with another macromolecule, either DNA or protein, then mutation of surface residues alone should also affect function.
This has been shown by us before for the mutation of surface amino acids of the human enteropeptidase light chain by site-directed mutagenesis [ 11].
Point mutation of surface exposed tyrosine residues of AAV capsid protein was reported as a simple and effective method for evading phosphorylation and subsequent ubiquitination, leading to higher transduction efficiency both in vitro and in vivo [ 12, 13].
Protein engineering can provide useful approaches for loop anchoring and mutation of surface-exposed loop residues to Arg for the design of thermostable proteins.
Mutation of surface-exposed tyrosines to phenylalanines reduces ubiquitination of the capsid proteins and improves the intracellular trafficking to the nucleus [ 39].
Some mutations have been shown to be strong markers for phenotype for well-defined collections of viruses for instance, the NA mutation H275Y consistently confers oseltamivir resistance on N1 neuraminidases (although the impact of the mutation on surface expression of NA, and thus virus fitness, varies dramatically) (Baz et al., 2010, Bloom et al., 2010).
Frequent mutations of surface molecules, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), contribute to low efficacy of the annual flu vaccine and therapeutic resistance to standard antiviral agents.
These results strongly highlighted the importance of genome segment reassortment and drift mutations of surface and internal genes in the predominance and annual epidemic recurrence of influenza viruses.
