During the process of ROS-associated OXPHOS, certain mtDNA mutations may generate increased superoxide and nitric oxide and lead to aberrant mitochondrial biogenesis.
(5) Although rarely, spontaneous mutations may generate false positive results, in which case the transposon tag will identify a gene not involved in the observed phenotype.
An increased mutation rate may generate more molecular changes that cause these phenomena, known as Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller (BDM) incompatibilities, and so might accelerate post-zygotic isolation [ 16, 46, 47].
Because K-to-Q mutation has been commonly used to generate an acetylated lysine mimic due to chemical similarity of an acetamide and the Gln side chain (e.g., PMID: 23904479; 19303850; 21906795), such mutation may not generate enough structural change of the protein to cause a down-shifting of the band.
Widespread hypomethylation contributes to a hyper-mutation state in cancer, which may generate oncogenic mutations or loss of heterozygosity of tumor suppressor genes.
Less frequently, nontemplated mutation (point mutation) may also generate sIgM− clones.
For a given gene, a single point mutation may only generate a hypomorphic allele with subtle phenotypes.
Pol κ is believed to be an error-prone enzyme, which may generate mutations when it acts on undamaged templates (Ohashi et al, 2000).
For instance, several groups have postulated that the depurinating adducts formed from 4-OHCEs may generate mutations that initiate cancer, whereas 2-OHCE metabolites may protect against cancer [ 4, 6, 35, 37- 40].
