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Thus, a reduction in mutation load due to sexual selection may reduce the cost of sexual reproduction and the severity of inbreeding depression.
Additionally, because gene inactivation by RNAi does not appear to extend beyond the F1 generation [ 70], any decline in fitness in the MA lines should reflect mutation load due to heritable, germline mutations accumulated under the msh-2 RNAi regime.
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Thus, tandem duplication of genes detected in the present study possibly occurred in order to absorb the mutation load caused due to NBR.
The fraction not explained by mutation load is due to antigenic variation in the population.
Notice that the dependence of the translation load on the bias is not due to how the error rates depend on the bias, as in the case of the mutation load, but it is due to how the mutation bias influences protein stabilities.
As the mutations arising in the three high mutation load strains may be due to defective DNA repair, rather than resulting directly from 4-NQO−induced mutagenesis, they were excluded from further analysis.
To understand why HGT can prevent Muller's ratchet despite its average deleterious effect due to the high mutation load of eDNA that comes from dead cells, we considered the following simple Wright-Fisher model.
These shifts do not simply reflect a fall in the proportion of clustered mutations due to the increased total mutation load.
On the other hand, CA75 mt-sAC clone 3 with high mt-sAC expression had low COX activity due to a very high mutation load (89%).
The absence of female preference based on male age in this case might have been due to the low average absolute mutation load across all age classes (0.128).
The process of outbreeding will indeed reduce the initial frequency at which recessive mutations are found on both copies of a gene, but this advantage will only last for a while, until the mutation load has increased to levels where the decrease in fertility due to mutations once again compensates for the rate at which they appear.
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