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Recently, Dehari (2001) and Uchida et al (1998) have reported that APC gene mutation is uncommon in SA.
The MPLW515 mutation is uncommon in PV but present in 5 10% of patients with ET and PMF.
Genotyping analysis of >500 individuals did not identify any other carrier of the W210R mutation, indicating that the mutation is uncommon in the general population.
p53 protein accumulation is highly frequent in thymic carcinomas but not in thymomas, and gene mutation is uncommon in thymic carcinomas.
7 m.14484T>C is the most common among French Canadians and can be tracked to a founder effect, 8 but this mutation is uncommon in the UK and in Scandinavia.
However, such EGFR mutation is uncommon in patients with HNSCC (Hama et al, 2009) and truncation mutation EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), which is relatively prevalent in HNSCC does not correlate with resistance to EGFR-TKIs (Sok et al, 2006).
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K-ras mutation was uncommon (11%).
Whilst the p53 gene is rarely mutated in ALK+ ALCL [43] - indeed p53 mutations are uncommon in a range of hematopoietic cancers [44] – we have previously shown that p53 function is disrupted in ALK+ ALCL cell lines through NPM-ALK-mediated p53 degradation in a manner that depends on the activities of MDM2 and JNK [33].
Whilst somatic BRCA1 mutations are uncommon in sporadic breast cancer, there are non-mutational mechanisms causing BRCA1 dysfunction.
Other codons (in dhfr at c164 and dhps at c581 and c613) are also associated with high-level SP resistance in Southeast Asia [13], [14] and Latin America [9], but until now, these mutations are uncommon on the African continent and have rarely been found in East Africa [15] [19].
The two mutations are uncommon but dominant.
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