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The λ- μ individuals that do not undergo recombination are then mutated, according to the local mutation operator m: I → I. Mutation is performed according to a non-isotropic self-adaptive mutation rule, in the sense that each individual i has associated with it a step size for mutation (a mutation rate) for each parameter j, denoted as.
Meanwhile, the subtree mutation is performed by selecting a node of a chosen individual and replacing the subtree rooted by that node with a newly randomly generated subtree.
After the crossover operation, mutation is performed to maintain the diversity of solution space and to avoid getting stuck at a local optimum.
Mutation is performed on individual bits and involves flipping of the binary value along the genome.
Then, the non-uniform mutation is performed to fine-tune the numerical values of the individuals.
When mutation is performed on a number of individuals, they will be increasingly sorted based on their fitness values.
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Single point crossover and random mutation are performed on the population obtained by tournament selection, then the child population Q t can be generated.
Each mutation was performed five times with both templates and the results were expressed as mean plus standard deviations.
mutation were performed by sequencing.
Functional analysis of the novel P436L GLUD1 mutation was performed.
Each population is initialised independently, and selection, recombination and mutation are performed only within populations.
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