These positions were then screened to identify positions that, having mutated, conserved the particular mutation in all future progeny.
Furthermore, this serine (S718) was most frequently disrupted via deletion or missense mutation in all USP8-mutated cases (37/75).
As a result, a universal His to Trp mutation in all isolated positive clones had to be mutated back to His to restore their ability to catalyze the second half thioesterification reaction.
The success of such new targeted therapies depends on the presence of a specific mutation in all cancer cells, in particular in metastatic tumors.
Preliminary work has shown elevated levels of mutation in all tissues tested, in contrast to the limited tissue distribution of cancer in the animals, a difference which highlights the complexity of cancer etiology.
"Although this may be true of the smaller annual or biennial epidemics we frequently experience, it is apparently not true of the influenza viruses that cause pandemics". What makes it so startling, in other words, is that it postulates that influenza, long thought to be the most dramatic example of random mutation in all of virology, is as subject to the actions of human beings as any other virus.
We identified the same somatic mutation in all three affected tissue samples that was absent in unaffected tissue from the same patients.
For every simulation, we used the analytically derived equilibria of the mutant-free system as a starting point and then introduced the respective mutation in all cytogenotypes at a combined starting frequency of 0.1%.
The relative mutant load for this new nucleotide variant was measured by PCR-RFLP analysis in blood (not shown), muscle and fibroblasts of the patient (Figure 1B), and showed homoplasmic levels of the mutation in all tissues.
Laser catapult microdissection and DNA isolation from the normal epithelium, dysplasia, and carcinoma components of each case were performed, and genetic analysis of TP53 status revealed a missense mutation in all three p53-immunopositive cases (Figure 2E; Supplemental Table S2).
Importantly, in our cohort, only massively parallel sequencing was able to detect a sensitizing EGFR mutation in all patients that had experienced a partial response (according to RECIST criteria) following treatment with erlotinib (Fig. 2B).
