In contrast, the L138 to M mutation had less of an effect on nucleation and increased seeding efficiency.
Notable was that the carriers of the PRKAG3 mutation had less IIB fibres, not only in m. longissimus dorsi, but also in m. biceps femoris, compared to non-carriers.
When selection for additional driver mutations was very weak (regions where s d < 0.01; whereby an additional driver mutation had less than a 1% effect on the probability of the cell producing surviving offspring), the role of the mutator phenotype in carcinogenesis was altered.
In the analysis of impact of single gene mutation on the pathway level mRNA expression change, rare mutations having less than 11 mutated samples were not reported as significant at q value < 0.1.
The fact that several prgB mutations had less severe effects in the in vitro valve model is consistent with previous evidence that part of the contribution of Asc10 to virulence relates to protection of the bacteria from the host innate immune response [25], [27].
The aub and piwi mutations had less detrimental effects.
Together, this suggests that XLP-BIR2 mutations cause severe impairment of NOD1/2-mediated immune signalling, whereas the mutations have less severe consequences for XIAP's anti-apoptotic potential.
Heterozygous loss of SHH is a well-known cause of holoprosencephaly [ 19], but many patients with SHH mutations have less severe phenotypes, often designated as microforms.
A second cause underlying the faster-male theory is that spermatogenesis is a sensitive process, easily disrupted by mutations that lead to male sterility, whereas mutations have less effect on oogenesis and hence female sterility (Wu and Davis, 1993).
Crucially, the mutations have less severe effects on chromatin association than the scc2-4 allele or on acetylation than the eco1-1 allele when the latter are grown at the permissive temperature.
