Sentence examples for mutation frequencies due from inspiring English sources

Loss-of-function mutations in either mutS, mutL, or uvrD abolish MMR, leading to significantly elevated spontaneous mutation frequencies, due in large part to an inability to correct replication errors [35].

Although another retrospective study showed that NPC patients who had recurrence or developed metastases had high mutation frequencies due to the relatively short follow-up duration, our study did not find the same result.

For example, note the ≈ 100-fold difference between {C ← G} and {G ← A} mutation frequencies shown in Table 2. Small changes in mutation frequencies due to different mutagenic protocols could effect large changes in the distribution of mutant codons, suggesting that future work should investigate mechanisms to elucidate the factors affecting the precise characteristics of mutagenic PCR.

We expected to find a relatively high mutation frequency due to HCV's high genetic plasticity, but contrary to our expectations, the 0.9% mutation frequency observed in the samples was relatively small in relation to the variability among independent HCV isolates (10 12%), and was in the range of quasispecies variability typically found in a given individual (∼1 4%).

In these host cells, the mutation frequency due to O6MeGua increased markedly with increasing MNNG dose (the highest mutation frequency observed was 20%).

Furthermore, it results disturbing that the increase in the mutation frequency observed due to C6SSR431- and G5C6SSR426-localized mutagenesis, was produced in strains that were already stable hypermutators.

Ogg1 knockout mice exhibit increased levels of 8-OH-Gua in their livers [ 36- 38]; however, these animals have only a modest increase in mutation frequency, probably due to DNA repair pathway redundancies.

> -wrap-foot> Rejectinotnot just the asymmetric hot spot model, but the idea that the elevated c.1138G>A mutation frequency is due to hypermutation at this site, is a strong conclusion.

Changes in gene frequencies due to mutation occur, therefore, at rates even slower than was suggested above, because forward and backward mutations counteract each other.

This observed density is proportional to the EMS dose used, except for the 1.5% EMS fraction showing a lower mutation frequency may be due to some experimental variations (Table 4).

Clustering of mutant pollen grains in a population of normal pollen due to premeiotic mutational events complicates translating mutation frequencies into rates.