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If accumulated genetic variants that had no effect on the phenotype suddenly become manifested as phenotypic variation due to a single mutation elsewhere in the genome, we speak of a case of genetic interaction or epistasis.
Neither deletion alone was sufficient to induce this phenotype: the phenotype was only observed when the mutations were combined and was observed in independently-derived strains, suggesting that this was not a spontaneous mutation elsewhere in the chromosome.
In some wells, robust pellicles appeared possibly due to a second, suppressor mutation elsewhere in the genome.
But if that functional allele is silenced as a parent-of-origin side effect of a mutation elsewhere in the genome, then both copies become nonfunctional.
The same deletion was subsequently seen in ∼3% of 220 normal controls, and in patients from the testing cohort with a causative mutation elsewhere in the PTEN gene.
The variant identified in the promoter of KLHL9 was not found in this series, and no other mutation elsewhere in the candidate gene was detected by direct sequencing.
Similar(52)
We hypothesized that other mutations elsewhere in the virus may have contributed to their replication fitness in swine.
Such reversion may occur as a result of back-mutation of attenuating mutations, compensatory mutations elsewhere in the genome, or as discussed in the next section, recombination.
However, many live-attenuated vaccines exhibit reversion to virulence through back-mutation of attenuating mutations, compensatory mutations elsewhere in the genome, recombination or reassortment, or changes in quasispecies diversity.
Eight transformants carrying new codon 3 alleles but no other mutations elsewhere in fur were identified by DNA sequencing, and were tested quantitatively for levels of Mtz resistance.
In addition, de novo mutations in coding exons likely carry an increased risk for compromising organismal viability, as compared to mutations elsewhere in the genome, and hence they are less likely to be sampled among successful births.
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