Sentence examples for mutation and migration from inspiring English sources

The outside forces that can disrupt this natural equilibrium are selection, mutation, and migration.

Other evolutionary mechanisms, such as natural selection, mutation, and migration act simultaneously with genetic drift        b.

This gives us three 'factors' that can lead to gene-frequency change in Mendelian populations: differential reproduction, mutation, and migration.

Jump diffusion models tracked cellular mutation and migration across 100 timesteps, with each cell doubling at each timestep (1 initial cell, 2100 total cells at termination).

This unit concludes with the opportunity for students to transfer what they have learned to new concepts: they design new performances to simulate other mechanisms of evolution, such as genetic drift, mutation, and migration.

The models of population biology provide a means of assigning probabilities to various outcomes, given information about population size, rates of mutation and migration (themselves given as averages and estimates).

This distribution thus illustrates the effects of selection for lactase persistence in milk-drinking groups, set against the stochastic effects of the occurrence of the mutations and migration of the alleles, and contacts between the groups in which they arose, as well as the length of time over which selection has been operating.

The model parameters varied were: number of subpopulations (1, 2, 4, or 10); mutation rate (θ = 4N0μ, where N0 = diploid subpopulation size and μ = neutral mutation rate); and migration rate (M = 4N0m, where m = the fraction of each subpopulation made up of new migrant genotypes each generation).

The genetic algorithm used in Shape is a straight forward implementation of a generational parallel population Lamarckian GA, supporting mutation, crossover, and migration.

This is because mutation, selection and migration are directional; they typically lead to a non-zero expected change in gene frequencies (Rice 2004 p. 132).

As Rice (2004) points out, this means that mutation, selection and migration can each be represented by a vector field on the space of gene frequencies; their combined effects on the overall evolutionary change is then represented by ordinary vector addition.