These are the ramosa1, 2 and 3 (Zm-ra1, Zm-ra2, Zm-ra3) mutants, which control the transition between the production of long and short branches in the maize inflorescence (Vollbrecht et al., 2005; Bortiri et al., 2006; Satoh-Nagasawa et al., 2006).
LMM have been classified into two groups: initiation mutants that form localized cell death spots of determinate size and propagation mutants which are unable to control the rate and extent of the lesions [5].
By 33 hpf, a reduction in GABAergic interneurons was observed in the midbrain tegmentum region of zc4h2 mutants, which is thought to control pectoral fin and jaw movements (Supplementary Material, Fig. S8A and B) (10).
In the transcriptome study of colour, Xu et al. speculated that enhanced photosynthesis and reduced downstream gene expression in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway were the key reason for sweet orange red-flesh mutant lycopene accumulation, which controlled red formation [ 47].
Telomere length in several independent esl1 Δ, esl2 Δ and esl1 Δ esl2 Δ clones were within the range of the wild-type, in contrast to rad50 Δ mutants, which were included as a control for very short but stable telomeres, indicating that ESL1 and ESL2 do not contribute to normal telomerase-dependent telomere length control.
Check which control stick operates which surfaces.
By E14.5, Q was 0.51±0.01 in control animals versus 0.44±0.01 in Sall1 mutants, which represents a 13.7% decrease compared with controls (Fig. 6C; n=3, P<0.05).
In the present study, we have shown that the asymmetry of cell fates was abolished in the S4 divisions that occurred properly along the A P axis in ipla-1 mutants, which suggests that spindle orientation is controlled independently of the asymmetry of cortical β-catenin wrm-1 and nuclear TCF pop-1 in the S4 divisions.
Interestingly, the phenylalanine-mutants, designed as negative controls were the most active mutants which suggests rather a structural role of His106.
The single mutants M61A, F128A, T140G, Y195A, and Y195F were designed as controls for the restorative double mutants, which have those same mutations in the background of V266H.
However, the egr66 mutants which lack the entire egr coding region behave like wild-type controls (Figure 4C).
