We found an increase in glutamate receptor levels due to wild-type TDP-43 expression, which provides further support for the notion that the TDP-43 mutants utilize distinct cellular mechanisms.
Cloning strategies to generate the various mutants utilized in this study were as follows: For pET15b/eIF4AIIG, two PCR products were produced using pET15b/eIF4AI as template and the primer pairs: (i) DraIII Forward and IG Reverse and (ii) IG Forward and BamHI Reverse (Table S1).
Finally, we were unable to rescue the ethanol hyperactivity phenotype of DopR mutants utilizing mushroom body GAL4 drivers (see below).
These F. novicida mutants utilize a highly efficient mechanism for entry into macrophages that does not involve eukaryotic microfilaments.
To clarify further how IMPase regulates the synaptic polarity and consequently sensory behaviors, we conducted a genetic suppressor screen for ttx-7 mutants utilizing a population thermotaxis assay (Materials and Methods).
To understand how long-lived mutants utilize acetic acid, we treated wild-type and sch9∆ mutant cells with NaCN (0.25 m m), a respiration inhibitor, on day 1 or day 3. Treatment of sch9∆ mutants with NaCN every other day until day 7 delayed the utilization of acetic acid.
In contrast to such results, we observed the ectopic Hh signaling in Gli3Xt/Xt mutants by utilizing the del5-LacZ Hh reporter mouse strain (Fig. 4H).
To synchronize replication fork movements between cells and examine where PCNA accumulates in the elg1Δ mutant, we utilized the cdc7-1 temperature-sensitive mutation.
One of the best experimental systems for the study of replication fork reversal in E. coli utilizes the rep mutant (Seigneur et al. 1998; Michel and Leach 2012).
The −190/+142 bp KCC3b HRE mutants were generated utilizing the QuikChange Lightening (Stratagene/Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA) mutagenesis kit.
