RNA mutants that reduce repression were screened against libraries of randomly mutagenized L30e proteins.
Mutants that reduce neurotransmitter release are resistant to the effects of aldicarb, whereas mutants that increase neurotransmitter release are hypersensitive.
Mutants that reduce negative feedback considerably (CDC2438A) still show competition, with dynamics similar to wild−type (Kuo et al. 2014).
Prp22 mutants that reduce ATPase activity compromise the fidelity of exon ligation both in vivo and in vitro [ 192].
Previous mouse models of Nav1.6 were limited to loss-of-function mutants that reduce neuronal firing and tend to suppress spontaneous seizures (reviewed in 12).
Paralleling these results, differentiation as measured in a three-dimensional culture assay is impaired when kinase-dead ErbB4 mutants that reduce STAT5 activation levels are placed into MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells [ 33].
Unexpectedly, both macrophages and eosinophils appear to regulate ductal morphogenesis, because this process is inhibited in mouse mutants that reduce the abundance of these cells in the mammary gland [ 3].
Methods of DR with Caenorhabditis elegans include dilution of axenic liquid media, dilution of bacteria on agar plates and behavioral mutants that reduce feeding rate (Walker et al., 2005).
Furthermore, some mutants that reduce IIS extend lifespan only in the presence of Wolbachia (Gronke et al., 2010), possibly because the bacterium can attenuate deleterious effects of IIS down-regulation.
