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Since the entire yeast "organism" is composed of a single cell, one can work with extremely large numbers of individuals to discover rare mutants that eventually identify the genes involved in a biological process of interest.
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As we mentioned above, septins were dispensable for virulence in U. maydis and plants infected by septin mutants developed tumors that eventually were filled by melanized diploid teliospores.
The polyps in patients hemizygous for a defective APC (disrupting the wnt/wingless pathway) and the dysplasias preceding neoplasia both in retinoblastoma and in the lethal giant larva mutant in Drosophila that eventually result in neuroblastomas are tissue organization alterations in which the underlying cause may be altered morphogen/morphostat gradients [ 1].
Taken together, these results suggest that host pulmonary CMI responses to the ts cna1 mutant that is eventually eliminated from the host without the induction of IFN-γ appear to be dose-dependent, diverse, and require further stimulation to induce C. neoformans-specific Th1-type cytokine responses to resolve subsequent experimental pulmonary cryptococcal infections.
Such evolution must also have eventually involved the selection of mutants that efficiently replicate in alveolar macrophages, which is a property of PRRSV.
For the MDM2: SMO cross-talk, found between the EGFR/ErbB and GPCR signaling pathways, a SMO-mutant from Hh signal transducer activates PI3K/Akt/Gli pathway that eventually increases MDM2 phosphorylation [ 59].
This suggests that expansion of the STS active site cavity may similarly lead to mutants that can more readily accommodate the larger size of ferulic acid derived polyketide intermediates, and eventually produce the properly folded stilbene structure.
That eventually blew up.
The mutants that gained an edge — and now dominate — are those that no longer produce pertactin.
that eventually kills him.
It was recently demonstrated that interfering potential of replication-competent mutants may eventually modulate viral infection and population behavior of highly variable RNA viruses [ 19].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com