Tester strains lacking superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (sodAsodB double mutants) demonstrated high spontaneous mutation frequencies and increased near-UV sensitivity.
As a whole, type 1 mutants varied greatly from type 2 mutants, demonstrating high levels of HIF-2α, cyclin D1 and α5 integrin, lower p27 levels, and a spindly, fibroblastic cellular appearance.
This non-aggregating mutant also demonstrated higher pH stability (pKa = 4.7, Fig. 4A) and photostability (Fig. 4B) than its ancestral pmimGFP1.
In all the tested phosphatase mutants, dprA and dprB demonstrated higher mRNA accumulation than the wild-type strain.
In addition, they identified noncatalytic CEL6B mutations in which single and double mutants (G234 S, G284P) demonstrated higher activity on swollen cellulose and filter paper, but these improved variants did not increase synergism with the T. fusca endoglucanase Cel5A [ 40].
After three rounds of ALE, two selected mutants of ZMF3-3 and ZMA7-2 demonstrated higher growth capacity and faster glucose utilization than wild-type ZM4 under 3 g/L furfural or 7 g/L acetic acid stress conditions.
In another examples, triple and double mutants of GBP obtained by site-directed mutagenesis, H152C/A213R/L238S and D14E/F16A, respectively, demonstrated higher KD's.
In cul3-mutant clones or clones with UAS-kel overexpression, all these neurons demonstrated higher branching complexity when compared to control.
Interestingly, we noticed a significant delay in flowering time of an- t1 mutants demonstrated by a higher number of rosette leaves (15 ± 0.8, n = 10) compared to the wild type (10 ± 0.5, n = 12) at bolting time.
The hsi2 mutants demonstrated reduced wilting and maintained higher relative water content than wild-type after withholding watering, while the overexpressing lines displayed the opposite phenotype.
