The mutant p.Arg233His characterized previously [Calvo et al., 2010] was included in these experiments.
We further examined tau protein expression using DAPK1 mutants, which have been characterized previously.
Both Or42a and Or42b are expressed in the larval and adult olfactory systems, and the loss-of-function mutants have been partially characterized previously (Kreher et al., 2008; Olsen et al., 2010; Nagel and Wilson, 2011; Mathew et al., 2013; Shim et al., 2013).
A few of these E. coli EF-Tu mutant proteins had been biochemically characterized previously and the aa-tRNA binding properties of many of the orthologous mutations in T. thermophilus EF-Tu have been determined.
Spore wall defects in three of the mutants, osw1Δ, osw2Δ, and gis1Δ have been characterized previously [10], [26].
Two cucumber glabrous mutants, csgl1 (mict) and csgl2 have been genetically characterized previously [ 17, 18, 20].
To further identify new proteins that are required for plastid division, we characterized previously and newly isolated plastid division mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana.
We also used mutant rpl11 hi3820bTg (Amsterdam et al., 2004), which has been characterized previously as a model of DBA in our lab (Danilova et al., 2011).
M184 is a mutant of the unencapsulated laboratory strain R6 (GenBank accession number AE007317.1), characterized previously by Garvey and Piddock (7).
Although Ciona mutants characterized by an impairment in tail extension have been previously described, such mutations are attributable to specific defects in notochord development [23], [24].
