Interestingly, amp1 A. thaliana mutants, which possess higher endogenous CKs, also exhibited a photomorphogenic response that in part similar to our ABR17-transgenic seedlings [ 31].
Of these, the M64T and R76P CaM-NLS mutants, which possess normal DNA-binding/bending activity [ 3, 10], have normal Impβ1 binding, implying that impaired nuclear import through reduced ability to bind CaM is the basis of sex reversal.
The most frequently encountered LAM-resistant mutant is rtM204V/I, which possesses a mutation located at the catalytic YMDD motif [ 8- 11].
We also cultured PBMCs in the presence of peptides representing either the wild-type epitope (TVYHGAGTK) or mutant peptides which possessed either of the single mutations observed (TVYHGAGT R and TVYHGAG AK) or the double mutant (TVYHGAG AR), and looked for expansion of antigen-specific T cells.
Many TP53 mutations identified in human cancer encode mutant proteins, which possess gain of function, such as the ability to cooperate with activated oncogenes to morphologically transform primary cells.
For all further studies, H-460 cell line was selected, which possesses wild type p53 gene, mutant KRAS and wild type EGFR[ 15].
Wild-type and mutant (internal deletion Δ932 940 and point mutant W932A) forms of truncated S. cerevisiae Chd1 (amino acids 118 1274), which possesses the core chromodomains, ATPase motor, and DNA-binding domain, were synthesized in bacteria and purified, as described (Patel et al., 2011).
Among 14 mutants constructed, one with two-fold increase in protein expression was identified, which possesses a potential to be further developed as a commercial enzyme product.
However, AMPKαSsp2 activation is unlikely to be the only reason for the observed growth inhibition, as no increase in AMPKαSsp2 T189 phosphorylation was observed in the ptc1,2,3.Δ mutant, which already possessed elevated baseline levels of phosphorylation.
Other than the split-end aspect of the leading process and the defective growth cones, the majority of double-mutant cells displayed an increased number of neurites compared with control or Rac1 mutant cells, the majority of which possessed only one.
