Fragments originating from mutant type (M) and wild-type (W) OsIRE1 are indicated by closed arrowheads.
Nevertheless, additional studies are required with a panel of LPH mutants with variations in their folding pattern, function and pathogenicities to determine whether a potential interaction between these mutants and wild type LPH occurs, which would be associated with mild to severe forms of CLD.
We note, however, that we have not demonstrated that the assembly of wild-type and mutant PA63 monomers occurs in an even ratio and in a purely random manner, so our estimation of the number of mutant monomers required to exert dominance in a hetero-oligomer may be inexact.
Previously, invasion of a dot/icm mutant, but not wild type L. pneumophila was shown to be blocked by the PI-3 kinase inhibitor, wortmannin [21], implying that invasion of wild type and mutant bacteria occur through distinct pathways.
Allele-specific competitive blocker PCR (ACB-PCR) is a sensitive allele-specific amplification method in which preferential amplification of the mutant allele occurs by using a primer that has more mismatches to the wild-type allele than to the mutant allele (mutant-specific primer, MSP).
Taken together, these analyses indicate that the developmental defect of the eif3h mutant male gametophyte occurs as a result of reduced germination frequency (∼1/4 of wild type) and reduced pollen tube growth (∼1/2 of wild type).
Therefore, since wortmannin did not substantially block invasion of wild type bacteria, invasion of wild type and the dotI mutant appears to occur by distinct pathways as described previously for macrophages [21], [22].
Although a loss of menin expression and a partial LOH were found in some mPINs from Men1 mutant mice, these occurred at similar frequencies in wild-type and mutant mice.
Interestingly, conversion from L858R-mutant to wild-type EGFR occurred in one patient.
As demonstrated by Supplementary Figure S2B, the first mutant embryo development occurred mostly synchronized with the wild type, but the cell cycle was progressively delayed (Supplementary Figure 2B).
