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This experiment was designed to determine whether a Bordetella bronchiseptica mutant that does not produce dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) is still capable of predisposing pigs to infection with toxigenic Pasteurella multocida.
We also transfected cells with pyrin-myc, untagged ASC and a FLAG-tagged version of the W232A PSTPIP1 mutant that does not bind pyrin.
Accordingly, Nhtt138Q was co-transfected with vector, wt gp78, or the gp78CD1/2 cue domain mutant that does not bind to Nhtt138Q and the turnover of Nhtt138 compared by cycloheximide chase experiments.
We have created a Halothiobacillus neapolitanus knockout mutant that does not produce the two paralogous CsoS4 proteins thought to occupy the vertices of the icosahedral carboxysomes and related microcompartments.
As expected, the ΔescN strain a mutant that does not synthesize the TTSS showed no EspA in culture supernatants, thus confirming the absence of bacterial lysis (data not shown).
The E. coli EPEC E2348/69 ΔescN strain [43], a mutant that does not synthesize the TTSS was used as a negative control in the hemolysis and FAS assays.
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They created two strains of a hypothetical parasite species: an "ancestor" that did not make its hosts have sex more, and a mutant that did.
Importantly, the KIF1C motor domain loop 6/10 mutant that did not bind Rab6A retained its ability to bind microtubules, indicative of proper protein folding.
Mutants that did not show root swelling after exposure to Al were also retained.
Here, we ask whether orientational ordering of helix-forming segments occurs early on during folding of a downhill λ6 85 mutant, and how much it correlates with the thermodynamics and kinetics of various λ6 85 mutants that do have folding barriers.
In order to find the physiological substrates of these enzymes, diverse PTP mutants that do not possess any catalytic activities but appear to bind tightly to their tyrosine phosphorylated substrates have been designed.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com