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In Arabidopsis plants with reduced AG function (i.e. ag mutant or expression of antisense transgenes) the floral meristem is active for a longer period than normal, generating more floral organs than the wild-type [10], [32], [33].
Experimentally, this can be achieved by high-temperature inactivation of an sln1 -ts mutant or expression of the constitutive PBS2 DD allele, both of which are upstream of the Hog1 activation pathway.
It is worth noting that the genetic disturbance (null mutant or expression knockdown) we considered here is extreme, and it is likely that, when considering more subtle influences on fitness, the difference between same-strand and opposite-strand including genes will be more significant and should be more general.
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Adipocytes expressing an inactive A2myr-PKB/Akt mutant or empty expression vector were used as negative controls.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05795.007 To test whether the MCM protein loaded by Cdc6-E224Q could promote DNA replication, that is, whether the dhMCM was functional, we expressed just Cdc6-E224Q (or Cdc6-WT) in a 2-hr window from M- to G1-phase and then monitored S-phase progression after switching off Cdc6 (mutant or WT) expression to allow Cdc6 removal.
Experimental approaches mainly rely on transcript or protein profiling in sRNA mutant or over-expression strains, and in vitro analysis of sRNA-mRNA interaction.
Moreover, AtOCD mutant or over-expression lines had normal morphology and no difference in root elongation or flowering time, in contrast to previous report of transgenic plants expressing A. rhizogenes OCD.
To exclude this possibility, we reactivated both myotubes and quiescent fibroblasts by infection with the mutant adenovirus, dl520 [17], or expression of cyclin D1 and cdk4 [9].
Consistent with this idea, reducing [ PSI + ]Strong amplification by either expressing a Sup35 mutant or decreasing the expression of wild-type Sup35 promotes curing at elevated temperature.
In contrast, both arsenicals inhibited ISGU in cells expressing the inactive A2myr-PKB/Akt mutant or the empty expression vector.
Unlike erlotinib, cetuximab has an efficacy that has been associated with high levels of EGFR (mutant or wild-type) expression but not with EGFR mutations or copy number variation (Table 1) [ 11, 13].
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