The ability to reverse age deterioration in the mutant mice indicates that the cells that divide to replenish tissues don't simply die when their telomere clock expires, says DePinho.
Similar number of CFP+ DRG neurons between control and mutant mice indicates that cell death of RA mechanoreceptors or downregulation of Ret CFP allele do not occur at E13.5 when cis RET signaling is ablated.
The commensurate reductions in Munc18b expression and stimulated degranulation of MCs from heterozygous mutant mice indicates that Munc18b can be a limiting component of the regulated exocytic machinery for leucocytes as well as epithelial cells.
ManNAc treatment appeared to ameliorate the hyposialylation status of mutant mice, indicated by a lectin histochemistry pattern similar to that of wild-type mice, with improved sialylation of both nephrin and podocalyxin, as well as reduced albuminuria compared with untreated mutant mice.
Although strong immunoreactivity with an otoferlin-specific antibody was detected in cochlear hair cells of wildtype mice, no expression was detected in mutant mice, indicating that the missense mutation has a severe effect on the stability of the protein and potentially its localization.
However, the greatest defect in lung bacterial clearance was observed in TLR4lps-d/TLR9−/− double mutant mice, indicating that both TLR4 and TLR9 are required for optimal clearance.
In addition, the magnitude of potentiation induced by these monoamines significantly correlated with each other in the mutant mice, indicating that a subpopulation of sandy mice has marked hypersensitivity to both serotonin and dopamine.
However, no difference in the ratio of TUNEL-positive cells was apparent between control and mutant mice, indicating that increased cell death does not substantially contribute to impaired cerebellar size (Fig. S2).
Similar reduction of GAP43 mRNA detection and augmentation of ScMAS staining were observed in cortical extracts from doubly mutant mice, indicating that these alterations could take place in the absence of microglial cell priming by HS oligosaccharides.
However, at five months of age there was a marked reduction in the thickness of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) in both heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice, indicating a loss of photoreceptor nuclei.
Interestingly, the accumulation of preadipocytes is a rather dominant phenotype, which prevailed even in Nscl-2/leptin compound mutant mice indicating that leptin most probably is not involved in this process.
