Then, the heterotrophic mutant was introduced at low density (a hundredth of the final mixotroph's density) and the model was run until a stable situation was reached (i.e. the coefficient of variation for all the state variables over the last 1000 hours was lower than 10−4).
In keratinocytes, MMP-9 production was blocked with an ERK pathway inhibitor (PD98059) or when a dominant interfering JNK mutant was introduced into the cells.
To examine whether Atg8 binding to TBC1D15 is required to orchestrate autophagosome formation, the TBC1D15 F280A mutant was introduced into TBC1D15−/− cells.
Based on our new findings it remains at present unclear whether the mlo-11 mutant was introduced from Ethiopia to Yemen or vice versa.
(As the total population size was close to 10 K times the habitat width when the mutant was introduced, it is not surprising that extinction almost never occurred after this time).
As extinction almost never occurred after the mutant was introduced, we suspect that increasing the longitude of the mutation would have little effect on psurf; however, this remains to be checked.
The miR-646 target sequences and wild-type NOB1 3′-UTR reduced the relative luciferase activity only when miR-646 was present, but not when the corresponding mutant was introduced with miR-646.
In all the simulations discussed here, a single mutant was introduced at a fixed location once the wild-type invasion had advanced to the 10th grid column from the left.
The K610P mutant was introduced into a construct of SERT tagged with CFP and YFP at the N- and C-termini, respectively (C-SERT-Y) and transiently expressed in HEK-293 cells.
For this, we have chosen two different stocks, a wild type stock, Oregon-R, and a mutant stock with longer telomeres, the GIII stock bearing an Oregon-R background where the third chromosome from the Tel-1 mutant was introduced almost 10 years ago [ 20].
