These mutants have contributed to yield increases, particularly in wheat and rice, leading to the green revolution (Hedden, 2003; Salamini, 2003), especially by conferring lodging resistance.
In addition, PTM analogues generated from cysteine mutants have contributed valuable data on the structural effects and molecular recognition of histone modifications, especially in the case of lysine methylation.
Although analyses by using conventional loss-of-function mutants have contributed to the identification of these chloroplast division proteins, certain key chloroplast division genes may as yet still be uncovered, e.g. because of the lethality of a given mutation or the functional redundancy provided by duplicate genes.
Developmental genetic analysis of male-sterile mutants has contributed significantly to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of anther development in maize, rice, and Arabidopsis.
Interestingly, in spite of the greatly delayed flowering time, the atvoz1-1 atvoz2-1 leaf count in SDs was similar to that of WT plants (supplementary material Table S1), suggesting that overall slower growth of the double mutant may have contributed to delayed flowering time in SD.
Both in vitro studies of recombinant mutant αB-crystallin and transgenic models expressing the mutant protein in vivo have contributed to our understanding of the effect of this mutation on protein function [27], [31] [33].
The more rapid growth of quorum mutants under laboratory conditions may have contributed to the ready isolation of quorum sensing mutants.
Therefore, viremic migrating birds that survive long-distance (i.e., trans-Gulf) migration to the Tabasco region may have contributed to selection for mutant, low-virulence genomes.
This overwhelming homoplasmy may have contributed to the penetrance of the mutant ND4L gene.
Factors that might have contributed to failure to identify persister genes by the transposon mutant approach might include screening a partial mutant library, short antibiotic exposure and aeration during antibiotic exposure.
