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This was shown by creating a mutant enzyme containing a Gly-Gly-Seccoo- motif that had 0.5% of the activity of the wild-type enzyme.
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The most thermostable mutant enzyme contained 13 amino acid substitutions and its half-life of inactivation was 52-fold of that of the wild-type.
We found that the mutant enzyme contains an equivalent or slightly higher amount of zinc ion, indicating that Cys does not play a role in co-ordinating the zinc cofactor.
This hypothesis was investigated by constructing chimeric PfTR mutant enzymes containing C-terminal type I sequences GCCG and GCUG, respectively.
All wild-type and mutant enzymes contained approximately 2 mol of Zn2+/mol of enzyme.
Titration of D139N and D139A mutant cPAH enzymes, containing iron-reconstituted active sites (see Methods), with a 100-fold excess of BH4 yielded Kd values corresponding to approximate 5- and 16-fold decreased binding affinities, respectively.
We also tested a set of enzymes containing different axial mutations, including the S400H, S400D, and S400 M mutants of P411BM3-CIS-T438S.
Subsequently, the Hsieh-Wilson group showed that the mutant enzyme could transfer analogues of galactose containing a ketone or azide (N-azidoacetylgalactosamine, GalNAz) to GlcNAc-bearing substrates.
Specific ATPase activities of membrane-bound F1Fo preparations containing mutant enzymes were compared with wild-type and null control values, and the values are listed in Table 1.
The method was successfully optimized and applied to create constructs containing promoter, RBS and/or mutant enzyme libraries.
Our finding that NAPQI is more efficient in inhibiting TrxR1 which contains selenocysteine than a mutant enzyme without selenocysteine (human Sec498Cys mutant TrxR) provides additional evidence for the idea that selenol in TrxR is a target for NAPQI.
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