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The double mutant rse;shd (Fig. 1F) does not show a significant increase in the strength of the phenotype when compared with the strongest single mutant, i.e. a mutation in rse does not enhance the mutant effect of shd.
The observation that Tyk2-/ macrophages might exhibit an impaired LPS response was confirmed when we analyzed differences in how genotypes react to LPS challenge: 1202 genes (16%) showed a difference in LPS induction between Wt and Tyk2 mutant (effect of genotype × treatment interaction, Figure 1C, GEO accession number GSE19733).
Figure 1D shows the 205 genes significantly misregulated in both the mes-4 single mutant vs. wild type (effect of the mes-4 mutation) and in the lin-54 ; mes-4 double mutant vs. the mes-4 single mutant (effect of the lin-54 mutation).
The scatter plot in Figure 2D compares expression changes of all genes significantly misexpressed both in the mes-4 single mutant vs. wild type (effect of the mes-4 mutation) and in the double mutant vs. mes-4 single mutant (effect of the lin-54 mutation).
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Thus, the mutant effects of each gene on cellular secretion were exaggerated in this double homozygote condition, which resulted in abnormal perturbations of affected cell types, particularly ATII cells.
3) Do the mutant effects of Marf and Opa1 on LD formation and ecdysone synthesis involve their canonical function in mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics or some non-canonical function?
Therefore, examination of mutant effects on TSS selection allows a window to the initiation process in vivo.
With this mutant, no effect of NA on fusion was seen at either HA NA ratio (p>0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test), demonstrating that the impact of NA on HA-mediated fusion is directly related to the sialidase activity of NA.
I25W mutant: The effect of mutation Ile25 to a larger residue such as tryptophan had previously been expected to restrict ligand docking in the Xe4 cavity.
Previously, the distribution of mutant effects has, for analytical tractability, rather than biological realism, been taken as spherically symmetric.
Concerning the isolation of Chlamydomonas lipid mutants, the effect of salt addition provides a convenient alternative to N-depletion procedures for inducing oil accumulation in mutant screens, which are often performed in microplates.
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