Sentence examples for mutant cells including from inspiring English sources

At indicated lower thresholds of various stresses, these mutant cells (including other mutants such as Δage3, conditional Δhsp90 and Δcrz1 discussed below) could grow reasonably well which in contrast to the WT cells (Fig. 3A), became hyper susceptible to indicated stresses upon BPS treatment (Fig. 3B).

Our results show SPATA4 has similar phenotypes to PIFO mutant cells including centrosome over-duplication and cell-cycle arrest.

Furthermore, using a reporter of JNK signalling, the lacZ enhancer trap, misshapen (msn)- lacZ [ 31], we also confirmed that JNK signalling was ectopically activated within some scrib mutant cells, including those undergoing apoptosis, and that expressing BskDN in scrib mutant clones effectively prevented the ectopic expression of msn-lacZ in the mutant tissue (see Additional File 1, panels D-G).

However, this was not sufficient to compensate for the overall decline of mitochondrial bioenergetics, as CSC exposure caused a decrease of the ATP content in LHON mutant cells, including unaffected mutation carriers, whereas in basal conditions carriers and controls had a similar ATP content, higher than LHON affected.

The 18 genes with over 2 fold change in DAM mutant cells included representatives of the Csg and Mar operons, which were both down regulated in the absence of DAM methylation.

In situ studies of sall mutant embryos and in vitro studies of neurons generated by sall mutant stem cells, including time-lapse video recording, demonstrated that the mutant phenotype exhibits fragility of the nervous tissue, deficient axonal cytoskeleton and loss of cell adhesion.

A series of morphological malformations occur in Atg7 mutant β cells, including accumulation of ubiquitinated inclusions, enlargement of mitochondria, and distension of the endoplasmic reticulum (Ebato et al., 2008; Jung et al., 2008).

As both receptors have identical intracellular domains, mutant mesenchymal cells (including progenitors) sense both FGF9 and FGF10, without distinguishing between them.

In summary, Figure 2 shows that ERK MAP kinase is activated by virtually all tested FGFR3 mutants in cells, including the weakly activating HCH and ACH mutants N540K and G380R, respectively.

An alternate interpretation is that glands are normal in sma-2 and sma-3 mutants because all cells (including glands) are smaller in these mutants.

The most important feature to note is that the shifted Rfa2 phosphospecies was present in all rfa2 -extensive mutant cells examined, including the rfa2 -A x mutant lacking all S/T residues in the N-terminus, indicating that the Rfa2 NT is not a predominant target for phosphorylation.