To obtain information on the time frame of molecular changes in the smn mutant background and thus when to isolate our samples, we have assessed the neuromuscular tissues in second and third instar larval stages.
Anterograde and retrograde BRP-shortstraw flux was severely impaired in aplip1 ek4 and aplip1 null mutant background, which was rescued when a genomic rescue construct for Aplip1 was introduced into the aplip1 null mutant background.
ces-D was originally isolated in the eir1-1 mutant background (Luschnig et al, 1998) when screening a collection of T-DNA insertional mutants, generated with the T-DNA construct pSK115 (Weigel et al, 2000) corresponding to ∼14 000 independent transformants (Sieberer et al, 2003).
The CADMA assays were sensitive to at least 0.5% mutant alleles in a wild-type background when using 50 nanograms of DNA in the reactions.
Our detailed characterization of pathological effects of Cre induction on cardiac morphology, physiology and function affords a comparative analysis of published results and highlights the importance of transgenic background when interpreting conditional mutant cardiac phenotypes.
Presynaptic overexpression of mnb-F alone did not affect basal synaptic transmission and responses to high-frequency stimulation as compared with the control, but restored maintenance of synaptic transmission when expressed in mnb1 mutant background (Fig. 3a f).
We did not see a genetic interaction in a heterozygous capulet background when expressing the human mutant Tau protein [48] (data not shown).
Furthermore, we noticed a dose-dependent effect of TTLL3B-GFP transgenes when expressed in Bug22 mutant background (Fig. 6C).
In D. melanogaster hkb mutants, the posterior hb domain fails to retract from the posterior pole (Casanova, 1990; Brönner and Jäckle, 1991), hkb represses gt when over-expressed (gt is unaltered in hkb mutants) (Brönner et al., 1994), and Kr expands further in a tll hkb compared to tll background when combined with a posterior system mutant (Weigel et al., 1990).
