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Relative to the remainder of the population, the haplotype with the mutant at locus 9 is therefore under negative selection.
The mutant at locus 2, while opposed by the influence of the mutant allele at locus 9, is positively influenced by the mutant alleles at loci 10, 14, and 15, so retaining a strong positive selection.
While the mutant alleles at each of the 5 polymorphic loci are all beneficial, the growth of the mutant at locus 9 is opposed by the influence of the beneficial alleles at loci 2, 10, 14, and 15, leaving it under strong negative selection.
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We now consider the development of the frequency of a mutant allele at locus i given a simultaneous polymorphism at locus j.
We define the effective selection coefficient σ i e (t k ) as the selection acting on a mutant allele at locus i at time t k, accounting for linkage to alleles at other loci under positive or negative selection.
RNA secondary structure and free energy for the wild type and the dominant mutant at each locus were calculated by utilizing pknotsRG-enf script [22].
However, the possibility that Detrick-1 represents a reversion mutant at this locus from Detrick-2 cannot formally be excluded, but since it represented the dominant morphotype in the 1952 Detrick vial we believe this is unlikely.
This confirms that ZFNs can be reliably and efficiently used to produce mutant alleles at loci of interest.
An additive genetic model was assumed, and the allelic effect of the mutant QTL allele at locus j, uj, was sampled from the exponential distribution, and uj was given a negative sign with probability 0.5.
To analyze when reinforcement takes place, we introduce mutants at a locus for female mating preference and study under which circumstances such mutants can invade, and whether this results in divergence at the preference locus.
In C. elegans, mutants at the locus eat have reduced pumping of the pharynx, and correspondingly they eat less and are long lived (Lakowski & Hekimi, 1998).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com