The major part of mutagenicity (55 65%) was present in the fraction of polar aromatics, followed by polar neutrals and the acetone subfraction of cyclohexane solubles (∼10% each) summarizing the results obtained with S. typhimurium TA 98, TA 98NR, YG 1021, YG 1024, TA 100, YG 1026, and YG 1029 with and without addition of S9.
Thus, substructures associated with mutagenicity in Salmonella are also present in carcinogens and agents active in other mutagenicity and genotoxicity assays.
Reversion frequencies observed in the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity test are presented in Tables 1 and 2. No increase of revertants per plate was observed in any of the four standard bacterial strains used in the assay, with and without extrinsic metabolic activation provided by S9 mix, in the relatively wide range of concentrations tested (50 5000 μg/plate).
ClMP proved to be a very potent mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium, whereas HMPS, and HMP in the presence of a sulfate-conjugating system, showed strong mutagenicity only when Cl- or Br- ions were present in the exposure buffer.
The results of mutagenicity, genotoxicity, physicochemical and heavy metal analysis suggest that the water present in the Harike wetland is contaminated with different types of organic pollutants and toxic contaminants that may be causing the mutations and DNA damage.
This mitigation of Cr VI) mutagenicity is consistent with extracellular reduction of Cr VI) to Cr III) by constituents present in the microsomal S9 mix (Petrilli & De Flora, 1978a,b).
The cytotoxicity and mutagenicity results presented here support previous observations that CSC is mutagenic and cytotoxic in both bacterial and mammalian cells [DeMarini, 1983, 2004; Foy et al., 2004; DeMarini et al., 2008].
However, its mutagenicity in vitro and in vivo has not yet been reported.
These results together illustrated that SAA had no mutagenicity in vitro and in vivo.
Moreover, the experimental results illustrated that SAA had no mutagenicity in vitro and in vivo.
