In "The Human Side of Enterprise", originally published in 1960, Douglas McGregor, a Harvard academic, divided management styles into Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X was the classic command-and-control type of management, the authoritarian style which (McGregor wrote) "reflects an underlying belief that management must counteract an inherent human tendency to avoid work".
In tumors, migrating cells that leave the primary mass must counteract anoikis [ 26], a form of apoptotic cell death triggered by the detachment of cells from the extracellular matrix, to arrive successfully at the final site of metastasis.
In order to establish an infection, GAS must counteract the oxidative stress conditions generated by the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the infection site by host immune cells such as neutrophils and monocytes.
Basically, these devices operate by renewing a liquid culture of constant volume with nutrient medium inflow, such that microbes must counteract dilution by growing at least at an equal rate [ 1, 2].
Second, we must counteract the tendency toward secret laws that facilitate these violations.
The controller must counteract slow-drift oscillations due to waves and static offsets induced by current, wind and waves.
Science and engineering can deliver the technological capability to be good stewards of the planet, but we must counteract the forces that resist change.
However, because the flow is presumed to be uniform (from left to right in the figures), the decelerated and accelerated effects must counteract each other, meaning that the presence of flow does not affect the rotation speed with this simple model.
For any amount of discrimination we experience in this country, we must counteract it with peace and positivity.
The suits worn by speed skaters, for example, must counteract drag and take factors like wind resistance and air flow into account.
