Exact(1)
Poor interaction leads to inefficient muscle loading, increased work of breathing [ 17], and reduced CO2 washout.
Similar(59)
Results: Wavelength and G differed between the groups in all the muscles studied, and increased as the load increased.
Importantly, both reduced and increased muscle loading modify costamere-component content, and these alterations correlate with changes in muscle thickness [ 27– 29].
Adding the estimated muscle load on the femur to the estimated external load increased the femur loads beyond threshold, explaining the fracture in all but one case.
Internal JMOFs increase muscle loading and may stimulate beneficial adaptational responses (e.g. strength & endurance); however, JMOFs that are excessively high and/or acting in contraindicated directions, can result in the detrimental loading of articular, ligamentous & capsular structures— potentially exacerbating existing joint pathology (e.g. osteoarthritis; OA) [ 4, 5].
An increase in static muscle loading (p<0.01), grip force (p<0.001), and discomfort (p<0.001) were also observed.
The growth response of skeletal muscle to increased mechanical loading is attenuated in aging rodents as early as 18 month of age (Hwee & Bodine, 2009).
Firstly, increased maximal muscle strength would result in a reduction in the relative magnitude of muscle loading for a given (fixed) perturbation load, hence potentially resulting in reduced levels of muscle preactivation.
This increases the muscle load, energetic cost of locomotion and rate of fatigue and hence increases the risk of injury [47].
Finally, finite element analysis showed that AT mechanical stress increased with muscle load and converged at 4.6 7.9 cm of the enthesis.
However, during PSV of 5, 10 and 15 cmH2O with an increased respiratory muscle load, the helmet was always associated with more CO2 rebreathing independent of the level of pressure support compared to the face mask (4.3 ± 0.5 versus 0.0 ± 0.0 mmHg, 3.5 ± 1.0 versus 0.4 ± 0.4 mmHg and 4.4 ± 1.3 mmHg versus 0.5 ± 0.6 mmHg; P < 0.0001) [ 12].
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