Force control differs from position control in several important parameters such as muscle coactivation [ 29], reflex responsiveness to afferent feedback [ 30], recruitment pattern of the motor unit pool [ 31], and joint stiffness [ 32].
References. 1. Florencio LL, de Oliveira AS, Carvalho GF, et al. Cervical Muscle Strength and Muscle Coactivation During Isometric Contractions in Patients With Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Study.
The aim of this study was to investigate the lower limb muscle coactivation and its relationship with muscles spasticity, gait performance, and metabolic cost in patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis.
We suggest that this may explain the velocity of the learning process of our paradigm in comparison, for example, with the long time required to learn the complex coactivation patterns that are required in the adaptation to a divergent field [9].
Alteration in sensory information might lead to higher reliance on muscle coactivation to maintain joint stiffness [ 32].
Greater ankle muscle coactivation was observed for all pediatric subjects as compared to that reported for nondisabled adults.
Prolonged periods of knee and ankle muscle coactivation occurred in children with CP as compared to controls.
It was[ 34] reported that significant mechanical loading of the spine is associated with LBP resulting from trunk muscle coactivation[ 34].
The findings confirmed that automatic postural responses in Parkinsonian subjects were never delayed, but rather anticipated (in antagonist quadriceps), which led to muscle coactivation at the knee.
Because the evidence was scant or inconclusive we did not review all of the possible neural adaptation mechanisms in detail, including the rate of voluntary force development, antagonist muscle coactivation, and single motor unit studies.
