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We subsequently compared the changes in the relative expression of metabolic and myofibrillar genes in the muscle cell system with those observed in mouse muscle in vivo following either an acute or repeated bouts of treadmill exercise.
L6GLUT4 myc cells were used as a prototypic muscle cell system that responds to insulin [ 28] while RAW264.7 macrophages were used as they constitute a well-characterized macrophage line [ 12].
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Rho GTPase and ROCK directly activate MLC to subsequently induce the contraction of the non-muscle cell systems [ 41, 56].
A recent study deploying neonatal myoblasts derived from mice in which the p38α, p38β, p38γ and p38δ genes were individually knocked out pinpointed p38α as the most crucial p38 MAPK in this muscle cell differentiation system [26].
We have developed a canine muscle cell culture system, which allows sampling of biopsies from young and old dogs of different breeds under practical conditions.
As there is a deficit of knowledge and skills considering this special task, the aim of the current pilot study was to develop a canine muscle cell culture system derived from muscle biopsies of healthy client-owned dogs, which allows sampling of the biopsies under working conditions in the daily veterinary practise.
Here, we show that TFEB is a viable therapeutic target in PD: overexpression of TFEB in a new muscle cell culture system and in mouse models of the disease reduced glycogen load and lysosomal size, improved autophagosome processing, and alleviated excessive accumulation of autophagic vacuoles.
In order to understand how the generic principles of bistability and the capacity of sensing the local cell density bring together the dynamical properties observed in our muscle derived cell system we performed computer simulations.
In terms of the fractional oxidation rates of exogenously supplied fuel energy substrates, the results obtained in the present investigation are likely also attributable to the presence of muscle cell (sarcolemmal) transport systems as well as the intracellular pathways of energy substrate utilization.
Muscle cell differentiation is a system in which IGF-II plays an essential role and developmentally regulated atypical IGF-I receptor may represent a candidate for mediating differentiation signals provided by IGF-II.
In agreement with the origin of the tissues, the muscle contraction and the nerve cell system were the most prominently enriched biological processes in both age-positions in VL muscles and in brain cortex, respectively (Table 3).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com