The murine sequence was taken from GenBank entry J02836.
In the context of the murine SP of GDF9, the simplest scenario would predict that the first change expected to have appeared in the ancestral murine sequence is I21S (mutation 5) which does not alter SP activity (and might even increase it), and that the other mutations might have appeared later in whatever order, because they are always compensated by S21.
Of the 74 approved antibody-based molecules, five contain completely murine sequences, nine are mouse-human chimeric antibodies, 26 are humanized, 23 are human antibodies, and 11 are Fc fusions (Table 1).
As in humans, the two most abundant bacterial phyla in C57BL6/J mice are the Firmicutes (60 80% of sequences) and the Bacteroidetes (20 40%); however, 85% of the murine sequences represent species that have not been detected in humans (Ley et al. 2005).
Alignment of the MRPr1 and MRPm6 epitope sequences with the comparable regions in mammalian ABC proteins most closely related to MRP indicates that, with the exception of murine mrp, the sequences are poorly conserved.
Human and murine DNA sequences were identified by hybridisation with Cy3-labelled mouse Cot-1 and biotin-Cy5-labelled human Cot-1, respectively (Invitrogen, Stockholm, Sweden).
Briefly, human promoter sequences of NFE2L2 and NFKB1, or corresponding murine promoter sequences, were retrieved from Gene2Promoter (Genomatix).
Murine RPTPρ sequences were identified by BLAST [ 41] using blastn, on the nr database, with all parameters set to default values.
These observations demonstrate that the −205 to +57 bp human NXNL1 sequence and the −351 to +51 bp murine Nxnl1 sequence are each sufficient, at least in retinal explants, to drive the expression of RdCVF specifically in photoreceptors.
This antibody was raised against a C-terminal epitope of human MEIS1, and recognizes both human MEIS1 and murine Meis1, since their protein sequences are identical in that region (also see below, section MEIS1 constructs).
