Consistent with the function of murine Tie-2 in vessel and cardiac development, VMCM patients have a relative lack of mural cells in affected regions of the endothelium and some have ventricular septal defects (VSDs) (Vikkula et al., 1996; Wouters et al., 2010).
It remains to be seen whether these differences between mouse and fish models result from the onset of mutant allele expression in different time windows (the alphaMHC promoter does not become active until late in cardiac development), or from intrinsic differences between murine and zebrafish cardiomyocytes.
Further, PET/CT scanning can detect both the volumetric increase and the metabolic changes associated with the regenerative growth in the murine cardiac lobe.
Hence, nanoceria did not impair the ability of murine cardiac progenitor cells to differentiate into adipogenic, osteoblastic, or cardiac lineages12.
Qian L, Huang Y, Spencer CI, Foley A, Vedantham V, Liu L et al. In vivo reprogramming of murine cardiac fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes.
These data also demonstrate that hyperglycemia alone is not enough to activate adult murine cardiac fibroblasts.
Wagoner, L.E. et al. Lysis of adult ventricular myocytes by cells infiltrating rejecting murine cardiac allografts.
In fact, separate work using adult murine cardiac fibroblasts also found that glucose concentration did not affect activation status36.
Additionally, our data show that murine cardiac fibroblasts can withstand hyperglycemia without generating an excessive HA matrix.
"Auditory stimulation of opera music induced prolongation of murine cardiac allograft survival and maintained generation of regulatory CD4+CD25+ cells," Masateru Uchiyama, Xiangyuan Jin, Qi Zhang, Toshihito Hirai, Atsushi Amano, Hisashi Bashuda and Masanori Niimi, Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, vol. 7, no.
