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Second, we used pack-years of cigarette smoking, calculated by multiplying the reported average number of cigarettes smoked daily by the reported number of years smoked and dividing this product by 20 (cigarettes per pack).
Endocranial volumes can be converted to mass by multiplying the reported value by the density of fresh brain tissue [1.036 g ml 1, 45]).
We calculated pack-years by multiplying the reported average number of cigarettes smoked daily by the number of years smoked and dividing this product by 20 (cigarettes per pack).
Each patient's transportation costs to a physician's office were estimated by using the US federal government reimbursement rate, multiplying the reported total travel miles per patient by $0.365/mile.
Also, for each item, this information was used to estimate the frequency of consumption of medium servings, corrected for seasonality by multiplying the reported consumption by the ratio between the number of months during which the food item was reported to be consumed and 12 months.
By multiplying the reported prevalence of injection site infections in the last year with estimates for the number of IDUs in England, 140,000 (only injectors of opiates or crack-cocaine, low estimate) [ 24] or 215,000 (all IDUs, high estimate) [ 25], these treatment costs were then scaled up to produce a range of estimates for the yearly cost of treating IDUs with injection site infections.
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"It's not a typical year for him," said Arvind Manocha, the Phil's chief operating officer, cautioning that it would not be accurate to multiply the reported earnings by four and assume that Dudamel makes roughly $1.6 million a year.
We multiplied the reported MEP and MBzP concentrations by 0.66 and 0.72, respectively, to correct for the inadequate purity of the analytic standards used.
However, it should be noted that even Bonferroni correction, which is appropriate for multiple analyses of a single set of response data, would only multiply the reported p values by five and not alter the conclusions of the study.
We multiplied the reported estimate by a factor of approximately 1.3, yielding an estimate reflective of all types of problem opioid use, including abuse of heroin and opium as well as RxO abuse.
This is done by multiplying the effect reported in column (4) by the mean amount of private transfers received by uninsured households prior to the program's introduction.
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