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Each slice will require the transmission and propagation operations given in Eq. 5, which requires (6 N log _2(N)) complex operations for the forward and inverse Fourier transforms and 2N 2 operations to multiply the sample potential and the Fresnel propagation functions.
However, the stepped wedge is a form of cluster randomised trial; therefore, we multiply the sample size by the design effect which=1+(m−1)×ICC, where m=average cluster size and ICC is the intraclass correlation coefficient.
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Biomass accumulation was calculated by multiplying the sample fresh weight by the average DM content of each plot.
The final unit area resistance (Ω*cm) was calculated by multiplying the sample resistance by the effective area of the membrane (0.33 cm for 24-well Millicell inserts).
Final sample size was 592 after adding 5% for none response and multiplying the sample by a design effect of 2 for the multi-stage sampling.
Additionally, a correction was performed by multiplying the sample size by 2 (Double-Stage Sampling), with the final sample size totaling 490 adolescents.
To correct for repeated measures and baseline measurement, we also multiplied the sample size with the design factor ((1+ k-1)ρ)/k- ρ0).
We chose to estimate the denominator of this formula by multiplying the sample size from sample 1 by the exposure probability from sample 2. This provides a more conservative estimate of the variance because the denominator will be smaller.
As no ICC for this kind of intervention in people with MD was found in the literature, an assumption was made by multiplying the sample size with a design factor of 1.5.
Expected gene diversity was calculated based on the unbiased estimator formed by multiplying the sample expected heterozygosity (1 - Σ i p i ) by the factor (2 n)/(2 n - 1); being p i the frequency of the ith allele for each locus and n the number of analyzed samples [ 47].
The modified statistic for association testing is (3) Z 2 E (j ) = k j m e a n (Y ¯ Q, j Y Q, j ) V ^ Q, j + 1 3 p 2 + s 0 In place of the median expression value in the numerator of the original ZE j), we multiplied the sample's median gene expression value with the expression values for each individual gene within the cluster, and computed the mean of the resulting vector.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com