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In horticulture and forestry, vegetative propagation is widely used for the multiplication of plants with optimal phenotypes obtained in breeding programs or selected from natural populations.
In a vegetatively propagated crop like artichoke, this has meant the clonal multiplication of plants showing at the same time desired Mendelian (e.g. absence of spines) and complex (e.g. big capitula) traits (Porceddu et al., 1976); these latter traits might have high levels of heterosis (Hammer, 1988; Balloux et al., 2003).
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Tumour diseases are caused by bacteria that stimulate uncontrolled multiplication of plant cells, resulting in the formation of abnormally large structures.
Plant tissue culture techniques offer a viable tool for the mass multiplication of identical plant material and the germplasm conservation of rare endangered plants.
The use of MS culture medium is well suited for the mass multiplication of D. hookerianum plants intended for re-introducing this threatened orchid into the wild.
This protocol provides a basis for future studies on mutation induction, genetic engineering, and could be applied for large-scale multiplication of this valuable plant.
After 5 weeks of culture, the calli were transferred to fresh medium of parental composition for further multiplication and to obtain regeneration of plants from them.
glycines 8ra, the HrcU homolog is not required for HR induction on non-host plants, pepper and tomato, or for the multiplication of bacteria in the host plant, but was required for the pathogenic symptoms on soybean [22].
Failure of inoculation of individual plants (whether genetically resistant or susceptible) would be much more likely to occur than high multiplication of nematodes on genetically resistant plants.
A more recent report suggests that movement and multiplication of X. fastidiosa in plants are linked, perhaps because cell wall degradation products are the major source of nutrients and cell-to-cell interaction which restricts movement and colonization of X. fastidiosa may be an adaptation to endophytic growth of the pathogen that prevents the excessive growth of cells in vessels [32].
The nutrient content in the plant biomass was calculated by the multiplication between the contents and the dry matter of plants.
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