Since power studies often concern multiple parameters with multiple values, such Monte Carlo simulation studies can be prohibitively intensive.
For example, a CDE for smoking history attempted to collect multiple values such as "current smoker, never smoked, past smoker, smoker (current or past unknown), and unknown".
In some analyses, the valuation observations were not entirely independent of each other because respondents contributed multiple values; in such cases, random effects were built into the model to adjust for the individual-level clustering of data.
For example, illuminating the global structure of 3D fields of multiple scalar values such as temperature, pressure, humidity, etc. poses a very important technical problem for weather forecast, and the visual data mining based on differential topology is again expected to help us to tackle the challenging problems.
Agricultural landscapes are increasingly valued by society for their potential to provide multiple benefits and values, such as landscape beauty or habitat for biodiversity.
For example, BE values have been derived for bisphenol A based on multiple exposure guidance values such as an RfD from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPAandand a TDI set by the European Food Safety Authority.
The amount of missing data varies substantially between the scores with scores requiring multiple laboratory or clinical values (such as QRISK2) having the lowest levels of completeness.
As this was an exploratory study, rather than one which aimed to test specific hypotheses, we considered that a multiple testing adjustment of individual P values, such as a Bonferroni correction, would severely inflate the false negative rate.
The most common way to correct for high false-positive rates is to apply multiple testing corrections to the p values such as the false discovery rate (FDR) described by Benjamini Hochberg (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995), the q value described by Storey and Tibshirani (Storey and Tibshirani 2003) or the more stringent Bonferroni correction (Dunn 1961).
Multivariate analysis with Cox's multiple regression analysis was performed with the inclusion of known prognostic values such as grade, nodal status and tumour size.
We will discuss the case of non-numerical values, such as string values in Section 7. We also assume that all attributes have only one value, not multiple values.
