The phrase "multiple valence states" is correct and can be used in written English when discussing chemistry or physics, specifically when referring to the varying number of electrons in an atom's outermost shell.
Example: The element sulfur has multiple valence states, allowing it to form compounds with a wide range of elements.
A problem of Mn oxide crystal chemistry is that, even within a single mineral, Mn atoms can exhibit multiple valence states.
The good supercapacitive behaviors of the two composite materials are probably attributed to the characteristics of bimetallic compound and the presence of multiple valence states in the samples, giving rise to obvious redox responses.
Ternary transition metal oxides offer several advantageous features compared to the binary analogs due to presence of hetero transition metals with multiple valence states and the possible synergistic effects.
Further, the electrochemical performance gets augmented with the incorporation of rare earth metal oxide Eu2O3 owing to the availability of multiple valence states and development of stronger interaction with PPY which a good electron donor in turn leading to easy protonation of PPY.
The behavior of copper in sulfidic solutions is complicated by the possibility of multiple valence states, i.e., Cu(I) vs. Cu II).
Any deviation in composition from a dry season tidal channel water rainwater mixture is due to nonconservative behavior, which primarily affects ions with multiple valence states.
Developing the first-row transition-metal-based oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts with highly efficient electrocatalytic activity to replace precious catalysts, such as RuO2 and IrO2 have recently attracted considerable attention because of their earth abundant nature, low cost, environmentally friendly, multiple valence state and high theoretical activity.
Selenium (Se) chemistry can be very complex in the natural environment, exhibiting different valence states (−2, 0, +6, +6) representing multiple inorganic, methylated, or complexed forms.
The deconvoluted spectrum consists of peaks contribution from both valence states as well as from the multiple d-splitting.
The dashed curves are multiple-peak Gaussian fitting of the Ti 2p3/2 peak with two components from the valence states of Ti4+ (blue) and Ti3+ (red).
Uranium occurs in two valence states, U4+ and U6+.
