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Identical CAN1 breakpoints shared by multiple translocations in heterogeneous clones were suggestive of a common origin of the various translocations.
Unstable dicentric translocations continuously gave rise to clones with multiple translocations in various combinations, reminiscent of intratumor heterogeneity in human cancers.
Further evidence that C/L/A translocations and can be derived from unstable C/L dicentrics is provided by identical CAN1 breakpoints and the occurrence of single-nucleotide changes shared by multiple translocations in the same clone.
The authors postulated that other avirulence genes of M. oryzae may have the same behaviour and also be subjected to multiple translocations in the genomes and that this maintains a pool of isolates with the avirulence gene when selection is exerted so that it can be easily disseminated in populations when the selection is no more present.
Typically, several tumours appeared to have chromosome translocation breakpoints at the same place, to within about a kilobase, apparently translocated to, or inserted into, many places in the genome, in a tumour-specific way, and often with multiple translocations in the same tumour.
Similar(55)
We have found that many of the genes examined in this study are commonly involved in these other types of rearrangements, like deletion of the FHIT gene located within fragile site FRA3B, and in some cases, the same set of genes is involved in multiple translocations observed in a variety of cancers.
Heterozygous multiple translocations were observed in family 65 (Figure 3e), which showed an F1 fertility rate of 90% (Table 4).
Although human MM has multiple translocations involving IgH switch regions, c-MYC is infrequently involved as a partner in these translocations.
In M. oryzae, both patterns of complete loss of the gene and patterns of multiple translocations were ascribed to the close association of Avr- Pita with a retrotransposon.
Repeated cycles of breakage and repair of C/L dicentrics are the likely explanation for presence of multiple, different translocations in the same clone and continued formation of new gene fusions in our study.
It has been associated with multiple translocation events involved in several different human malignancies (Palmer et al., 2009), such as IMT (Griffin et al., 1999), NSCLC (Rikova et al., 2007; Soda et al., 2007), diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) (Arber et al., 1996) and renal cell carcinoma (Debelenko et al., 2011) amongst others.
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