"There may be multiple subtypes of obesity that may be amenable to different treatments".
Nicotine dependence is probably mediated through the activation of multiple subtypes of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), among which the mesolimbic α4β2 subtype has a pivotal role.
Several broadly neutralizing antibodies have been identified that protect against multiple subtypes of influenza A viruses, and crystal structures of several neutralizing antibodies in complex with the major influenza surface antigen, hemagglutinin, have revealed at least 3 highly conserved epitopes.
Our previous work demonstrated that BmK I was able to modulate multiple subtypes of VGSCs, which delayed TTX-S sodium channels inactivation and aberrant INa at suprathreshold potentials in small-sized DRG and hippocampus neurons (Bai et al., 2006a; Chen et al., 2005).
In conclusion, our results provide molecular and kinetic evidence for the presence of multiple subtypes of mAChR in human hearts, which are able to undergo discrete transitions from a non-cooperative kinetics of non-interacting monomers to a cooperative kinetics of interacting oligomers.
These cells have the ability to develop into multiple subtypes of neurons, but generally not glia [13].
Multiple subtypes of TLRs were expressed on B16 cells and several human cancer cell lines; TLR2 mediated the invasive activity of these cells.
The frequency of infection with multiple subtypes of the virus in wild birds or swine populations that may contribute significantly to the emergence of new viruses with altered host specificities is not known.
GCs and PGCs are represented by multiple subtypes of inhibitory interneurons, mainly GABAergic, that modulate the activity of mitral and tufted output neurons by mediating the spatial and temporal coding of olfactory inputs and outputs [5].
On one hand, NaV1.8 or NaV1.9 selective blockers with analgesic activity was hard to explore due to the high degree of amino acid sequence homology among the multiple subtypes of VGSCs [6].
Although assaying at a medium throughput level, this pharmacological fluorescence detection technique employs a clonal line for stability and has versatility for screening laboratory generated congeners as agonists or antagonists on multiple subtypes of ligand-gated ion channels.
