For persons with BMI ≥ 30, DBP was negatively associated (p = 0.013) with residence near multiple roadways [−5.49595% CI, −9.6 to −1.1)] and remained significant after removing the two lowest outliers for DBP (< 53 mmHg).
This method allowed us to capture complex patterns in roadway emissions (e.g., the influence of multiple roadways, intersections, off-ramps).
Traffic on the interstate had ground to a halt, in large part due to violent winds that had uprooted trees and debris, caused traffic accidents and closed multiple roadways along the eastern corridor.
This metric generally behaves like an inverse-distance weighted traf-finverse-distance weighted specifically considers intersections and multiple roadways more accurately.
Residing near multiple roadways was consistently associated with PP, with effect estimates approximately double those for the proximity variable suggesting additive effects.
Figure 1 presents differences in PP for all cases, individuals with BMI ≥ 30 and < 30, diabetes and without diabetes for four exposure variables (≤ 100, ≤ 200, multiple roadways, and VMT/mi).
These findings may partially explain the significant increases in PP observed mostly for proximity ≤ 100 m and multiple roadways, although the associations in PP are somewhat more consistent for the full population, persons with BMI ≥ 30, and persons with diabetes.
In the full population in adjusted models, associations remained significant (p < 0.05) for PP and proximity ≤ 100 m and multiple roadways after removing the two lowest outliers for DBP (< 53 mmHg).
Figure 1 presents the percent difference in CRP for all cases, individuals with BMI ≥ 30 and < 30, with and without type 2 diabetes for four exposure variables (≤ 100, ≤ 200, multiple roadways, and VMT/mi).
Associations also remained significant (p < 0.05) for PP and multiple roadways in the full population after removing the two highest outliers for SBP (> 200 mmHg) but became borderline significant (p = 0.059) for proximity ≤ 100 m.
