Sentence examples for multiple risk alleles from inspiring English sources
Additionally, it has been shown that haplotype analyses can detect associations if there are multiple risk alleles at a single locus when single marker analyses may not [19].
GBC being a multifactorial and multistep disease, there may be a complex interaction between multiple risk alleles acting in a stronger manner in a combination rather than individually.
In most autoimmune diseases not all patients carry the same risk alleles, and multiple risk alleles are likely to be involved [2].
Sets I, II and III described low intrinsic risk (controls) characterized by multiple protective alleles while sets IV, V and VI represented high intrinsic risk groups (GBC cases) characterized by the presence of multiple risk alleles.
The high intrinsic risk (sets IV to VI) was described by the presence of multiple risk alleles while the low intrinsic risk (sets I-III) was characterized by multiple protective alleles.
Polygenic risk scores based on multiple risk alleles have been shown to have potentially useful discrimination [ 26].
Large case-control studies using whole genome arrays of single nucleotide polymorphisms (genome-wide association studies) have identified multiple common risk alleles for type 2 diabetes, many of which reside in or near genes not previously implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes, 9 10 11 12 in addition to confirming loci identified by previous candidate gene studies.
Thus, although a precise discrimination across groups is limited by evidence of overlap of close disease strata, the emphasis is placed on the dosing of multiple protective and risk alleles that define progression.
Two studies of this issue (Reeves et al, 2010; Wacholder et al, 2010) have reported that multiple low-risk alleles do indeed increase breast cancer risk; however, neither of them included women <50 years of age.
Thus, multiple, low to moderate risk alleles (not yet identified by GWAS) may still be implemented in the disease.
No multiple adenoma case had an outlying number of CRC SNP risk alleles, but multiple adenoma patients did have a significantly higher number of risk alleles than population controls (P=5.7 × 10−7).
