Consequently, this QTL cluster could be a novel genetic region controlling multiple grain quality traits.
Finally, we also found that sperm competition level was positively associated with multiple sperm quality traits, including the proportion of motile sperm in ejaculates and the proportion of both viable and morphologically normal sperm in sperm reserves.
Note that a given transcript may correlate with multiple malt quality traits.
Moreover, we showed that the QTL on SSC12 affected multiple meat quality traits (i.e., EMA, ALLEMA, SHEAR, MOIST, DRIPL, CIE-a, CIE-b, CHROMA, MARB and CFAT).
In fact, moderate to high values of genetic correlation coefficient were observed between CFAT and the multiple meat quality traits except for SHEAR (Table 2).
However, to meet the requirements for testing multiple meat quality traits, it is necessary to conduct post-mortem sampling from animal carcasses, which increases the overall cost of measurement.
QTL on chromosomes 2B, 2D, 4B and 6B were consistently associated with multiple end-use quality traits across multiple environments.
Based on the abundant genetic diversity, weak population structure and relatedness and relatively fast LD decay, we concluded that this core collection is suitable for AM studies targeting multiple agronomic and quality traits aiming at the improvement of flax as a true dual purpose crop.
This population segregates for multiple agronomic, disease resistance and quality traits.
The parents exhibit significant agronomic differences, including adaptation and yield-related traits, end-use quality traits, and multiple disease resistance [ 31, 32]; for example, Ning7840 is resistant to rusts and Fusarium head blight but susceptible to Hessian fly [ 33], whereas Clark has opposite reactions to these pests.
