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For example, loss-of-function mutations in either copy of the tumor suppressor PTEN are viable, but ptena −/−;ptenb −/− double mutant larvae die with multiple pleiotropic defects, indicating that the two paralogs play at least partly redundant roles in early development (Faucherre et al., 2008).
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Does hypodermal or gut expression of ain-1 rescue multiple phenes, restoring pleiotropic defects to superficially wild-type?
Plants from the aneuploid class exhibited multiple pleiotropic and morphological defects and had trichomes, except in the rare exception when the GL1 locus was lost.
Among the multiple pleiotropic responses elicited by AHR agonists, the antiestrogenic and endocrine-disrupting action of the receptor activation is one of the most studied.
Similarly, down-regulation of IPS Solanum tuberosum results in pleiotropic defects including reduced apical dominance, altered leaf morphology, decreased tuber yield and precocious senescence [18].
In contrast to the col27a1a and col27a1b morphants, the col8a1 mutant shows notochord defects by 24 hpf and the notochord straightens by 3 dpf (pleiotropic defects would prevent analysis of a late phenotype) [28].
Growth-retarded animals showed pleiotropic defects.
These pleiotropic defects made measuring the refractory period difficult.
High level expression of NTAP AtCTF7∆B results in pleiotropic defects in reproduction and vegetative growth.
Plants homozygous for hira-1 were fertile and showed slight pleiotropic defects in vegetative development.
Alternatively, the effect on vesicle size may be indirect due to pleiotropic defects in endocytosis.
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