Such a broad spectrum counteracting role of a single agent on multiple oncogenic pathway activities has not been reported.
For C60 exposure, specific double strand break response was observed in human cells, but multiple DNA damage pathway activities were detected in yeast.
Our observations are in accordance with previous studies demonstrating that the neurotoxicity elicited by soluble Aβ upon neurons involves elevated K+ efflux, mediated through multiple pathways including enhanced activity of voltage-gated potassium channels [22], [23] and the Na+/K+ ATPase [24], [25].
In contrast to hydroxyurea, which appeared to have a highly specific effect on p53 signaling, serum starvation induced changes in multiple pathways, perturbing metabolic activity and also dramatically changing the abundances of chromatin regulators and core nucleosome components.
They can, however, break down when trying to explain more complex interactions between molecules, e.g., when a molecule participates in multiple pathways; when the activity or the appearance of the molecule is dependent on multiple reactions; when the timing of reactions is important; when multiple processes interact, etc.
The progression of cancer is a multistage process arising from the additive or cooperative activities of multiple pathways, resulting from the activation of proto-oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.
In particular, multiple lines of evidence indicate the expressions of module 83 are controlled by TGFβ pathway activities.
MESSI uses publicly available metabolomic data from characterized S. cerevisiae strains for computing metabolic pathway activities and ranks the strains based on user-defined pathways of interest (single or multiple pathways).
This suggests that activity of multiple pathways can compensate for loss of ZLL activity.
We found multiple pathways enriched for signaling activity, wound healing, oxygen, cytokine production, circulation, and cation transport (Additional file 4: Table S4 and Additional file 1: Table S5).
